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Necking. Localized reduction of cross section area of a specimen under tensile load. It is disregarded in calculating engineering stress but is taken into account in determining true stress.
细颈现象。试样在拉伸负荷作用下截面面积的局部减小。计算工程应力时会忽略它，但在确定真实应力时应予以考虑。
Nil ductility transition temperature. Temperature above which a specimen no longer shows brittle fracture in a drop weight test. (ASTM E-208).
无延性转变温度。于落锤试验中，高于此温度的试样不再显示脆性断裂。（ASTM E-208）。
Nominal stress. Stress calculated on the basis of the net cross section of a specimen without taking into account the effect of geometric discontinuities such as holes, grooves, fillets, etc.
公称应力。不考虑孔、凹槽、圆角等几何不连续性影响的情况下，根据试样的净截面计算的应力。
Notch brittleness Phenomena by which brittle fracture occurs more readily in notched specimens than in notch free specimens.
缺口脆性。有缺口的试样比无缺口的试样更容易发生脆性断裂现象。
Notch ductility. Reduction in area of a notched specimen at fracture in a tension test.
缺口韧性。拉伸试验中缺口试样断裂时的面积缩小。
Notch sensitivity. Measure of reduction in load-carrying ability caused by stress concentration in a specimen.
缺口灵敏度。由试样中的应力集中引起的承载能力降低的量度。
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